Computer Fundamentals

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1. Which component fetches and executes most general-purpose program instructions?

   • SSD
   • CPU
   • Monitor
   • Power supply

2. Which memory normally loses its working contents when a computer is powered off?

   • SSD storage
   • Firmware ROM
   • Hard disk
   • RAM

3. Which device stores files persistently using flash memory and has no moving read head?

   • Solid-state drive
   • Optical mouse
   • Cooling fan
   • Display adapter

4. A 3D game needs millions of pixels and triangles processed in parallel. Which component is specialized for that work?

   • Network card
   • Keyboard controller
   • GPU
   • Audio interface

5. Which internal unit converts wall-socket AC into regulated DC voltages for computer components?

   • Power supply unit
   • Heat sink
   • Motherboard chipset
   • Solid-state drive

6. CPU, RAM, expansion cards, and storage connectors all attach directly or indirectly to which main circuit board?

   • Power strip
   • Monitor panel
   • Motherboard
   • Router

7. Which output device converts a video signal into visible text and images?

   • Scanner
   • Monitor
   • Microphone
   • Keyboard

8. Pressing a key closes a switch in a matrix that is scanned by the controller of which input device?

   • Printer
   • Speaker
   • Projector
   • Keyboard

9. A PC forgets its clock and firmware configuration whenever it is unplugged. Which small component is the likely cause?

   • CPU fan
   • CMOS/RTC battery
   • RAM module
   • Ethernet port

10. Why can a small CPU cache speed up programs even though RAM is much larger?

    • Cache permanently stores every file
    • Cache increases the CPU clock
    • Cache keeps recently or nearby used data closer to the processor
    • Cache replaces program instructions with images